A programmer can be a team. You must never think of it.
You must have used Google? Do you think this page is as simple as a programmer?
But that’s not the case. Behind the page is a service called Google Web Servers, which has hundreds of people maintaining it.
Not only that, but there are hundreds of people and users from different religions and nationalities in hundreds of countries and regions discussing what the Internet portal should look like, far from being a programmer’s competence.
01、4chan——Trash cans on the Internet
4chanThe influence of hobbies and tastes on a large proportion of young (male) Americans today is evident.
To many people’s surprise, this site, which has become the largest trash can on the Internet, was initially just an innocent secondary forum.
(Christopher Poole)
2015Pull, 15, came up with the source code for the famous Japanese Futaba Channel Bifid Forum, translated it into English, and launched a new website called 4chan.
4chanIn the years since its inception, idiom stories have added many non-animation sections, such as video games, guns, cars, sports, and even many adult sections.
These pages and content also allow 4chan to pierce the divide between the secondary meta and the real world, attracting more non-residential users, but the site as a whole is more homely.
To help you better understand this site, the current 4chan is basically an English version of S1 + Tiexue + Tianya + Grass Pomegranate…
From its inception until 2015, 4chan’s main operator was Poor’s, but its Alexa ranking continued to improve, climbing from around 700 in 2010 to 383 in the world today (148 in the United States).
2015In 2004, Poole sold 4chan to Nishimura Hirono, the founder of 2CH.
Christopher Poole (Christopher Poole)
4chanIt is a miraculous existence, because in this forum, two very different sections of the ideological and political spectrum can exist at the same time.
4chanUsers can seriously discuss LGBT’s presence in society in one sub-edition, or curse other users as faggots in another.
If you get into the wrong version, don’t blame others for being very yellow and violent. A typical 4chan post screenshot:
It is also because 4chan has only Moot (Poole’s name on 4chan) for a long time.
Moot, on the other hand, does not normally interfere with the ideology of these moderators, creating a 4chan that can exist anywhere in the camp’s nine palaces at the same time.
One of the most classic examples is the political section /pol/ of 4chan. This is a heavily right-wing section of the political spectrum, crammed with rumors, conspiracy theories, and the Peep Frog Terrier.
As mentioned earlier, 4chan has a big impact on young men in the United States, mainly because the portraits of users on the site are so-called “silent majorities,” those Americans who could not speak out in the liberal context of the past, with voting rights.
Trump’s appointment encouraged these people to speak, and he even openly talked about conspiracy theories that had appeared in 4chan, a bare whistle politics. For example, the QAnon campaign, born in 4chan, also entered Trump’s campaign rally.
It’s hard to imagine that 4chan, a second-tier website that was originally run by only one person, could have such a big impact on the top executive and the political ecology of the United States.
So far, 4chan has been less profitable, making only a little money from advertising and donations, and some rating websites still believe that if fully commercialized, 4chan would be worth $700 million.
02、Urban Dictionary——Dictionary of contemporary life
Similarly, as the product of Internet popular culture, Urban Dictionary is much more than 4chan.
The main function of Urban Dictionary, literally translated as a “city dictionary,” is actually to help netizens understand the latest “cyber sayings”. According to the New York Times, the average age of users of this website is between 15 and 24 years.
Yes, it’s really hard to keep up with the latest buzzwords and know the abbreviations for every buzzword, even for young people at this stage.
A typical Urban Dictionary page, including words, full names, definitions, examples, and uploads.
1999Aaron Peckman, a first-year computer student at Cal Poly, founded the online dictionary website in 1964. His work model was to find buzzwords, write a blind interpretation, and upload it to the Internet, blog himself andSchoolmates smile.
After graduating from school, pekman joined Google and kept running his website. After working for two years, he decided Google wasn’t as fun as doing its own project, so he quit his job and started working full-time as Urban Dictionary.
The site does not make a profit, and the small revenue mainly depends on advertising and selling around, but enough for him to earn a living and continue to maintain the site.
▲Aaron Pechman (Aaron Peckman)
Urban DictionaryIt even helped the law enforcement agencies to handle cases. In 2003, a British court heard a case involving rapper insulting lyrics in which a judge had to turn outside to Urban to understand the meaning of the Lyric “Shizzle my nizzle” (for sure, of course).Dictionary.
2011In, a man in the United States visited a gun shop with a gun that had worn out the serial number and was confiscated. The fool ran to Facebook and threatened the shopkeeper to claim “murk”. The shopkeeper reported that federal agents found the slang life-threatening, decisively prosecuted and arrested the suspect.
In court, the agent produced a screenshot on Urban Dictionary, which led to conviction.
Nearly that time, more and more attention was paid to Urban Dictionary, which was increasingly highlighted in similar cases. In just 30 days, nearly 70,000 people submitted 76,000 entries, more than 3,500 comments, according to March 2011 Web site data.The book is a volunteer editor, helping to clarify the definition of entries.
Unlike Moot’s laissez faire for 4chan, Pechman still wants to protect his efforts over the years.
He laid down rules for the site to ensure that it restored the meaning of some slang truthfully and accurately, without discriminating against people of particular skin color or religion.
Today, Urban Dictionary remains a unique presence on the Internet, with Alexa ranking 457 (221 US):
Originally, it had a strong Kuso component, but it was used by many federal agencies to assist the office. For example, the DMV allows car owners to customize their license plates and uses dictionaries to deny insults.
Even IBM has been skewing the mind and training her Urban AI (IBM Watson) with Urban Dictionary. The trained AI was full of swear words, and IBM employees had to delete that part of the memory.
At the same time, Urban Dictionary has achieved a very good growth. Since the company is Peckman’s private property, he doesn’t absorb external financing and doesn’t need to disclose accounts, but he told the New York Times website.
Peckman says there’s always the temptation to go public in Silicon Valley, but he weighs it up and thinks that doing so would make Urban Dictionary less unique and attractive.
But on the rating website, Urban Dictionary is worth at least two hundred million dollars.
03、Instapaper：Read later, and I won’t read later.
Once one of the best “read later” products on the Internet, Instapaper’s development has gone through many twists and turns. But during its fastest growing and most user-friendly days, it was a personal treasure for its developers.
InstapaperThe main function is to save all the content on a Web page and present it to the user as an offline, uniform format and remove redundant visual effects, advertising and non-text versions.
This edition only retains useful content, and optional color, font and size, format eye care, easy to read. Because of this, Instapaper has become the first choice for many people to read information.
2008Marco Arment also worked as a CTO in Tumblr in 2001, managing the overall development and maintenance of the social product for the photo blog.
Amant is an energetic high-level programmer, and he has his own small project in addition to his daily work: a small plug-in that can save content from a Web page.
▲Mark Arment and David Kapp (David Karp), the two founders of Tumblr.
After more than 100 hours of development, Instapaper finally launched its official edition in January 2008 and received immediate reviews from John Gruber, the industry’s biggest coffee producer, and TechCrunch, a prominent media company.
That summer, Apple officially launched the App Store, and Instapaper quickly released the corresponding app, went to the Apple Recommendation page, and was selected as one of Time magazine’s top 10 iPhone apps of 2008.
2009In 2008, amenter launched the Instapaper paid version and immediately boarded the second App Store pay app list.
Successful Instapaper eventually changed Armand’s career plan, leaving Tumblr in 2010 to develop Instapaper full-time and hosting a podcast, Build and Analyze.
He spent a lot of time on Instapaper, adding new features to it, giving it what an excellent stand-alone app should look like, including pleasant visual effects.
He also developed a geo-fence-based automatic content synchronization scheme that effectively improved the user experience of the product, making Instapaper a benchmark product for the then expanding “later reading” market. By the end of 2011, Instapaper already had more than 200 registered users.
Because the online payment version was earlier, the product also brought a good income for Amen. Up to that time, Instapaper was owned by an amte and had no external financing.
2013In April, Betaworks launched the main stake in Instapaper from AMT.
Almost a month later, Armand set a record as an entrepreneur: Within five weeks, he quit three of his own companies.
Instapaper（Sale of main share to Betaworks)
The Magazine（Online magazine, sold to the editor of the magazine at that time.
Tumblr（$1 billion 100 million for YAHOO
Instapaper changed hands several times, got a dedicated team under Betaworks, and had several user interface updates. In 2016, the photo social giant Pinterest bought Instapaper and its team and announced that it would be free.Fee is used by users.
2018In the summer of 1998, Instapaper was stripped from Pinterest and operated by the newly established Instant Paper LLC, with the team acquiring its former team from Station P.
The news of independence may have comforted some older users, but the awkward fact is that before Instapaper, many products based on “creating a better reading experience” were not living well, and even Google shut down its popular Google Re.Ader.
Instapaper、PocketThis kind of reading product is out of date. The new generation of reading products have machine-driven recommendation systems, and content tends to be fragmented and “Sensationalism”.
Serious reading is not dead, but narrowed down to a specific core audience.
The shrinking of this group means that the future of Instapaper will not be as prosperous as it used to be.
Although several times have changed hands, Instapaper’s valuation is still confidential. A reasonable estimate is that the company was worth at least hundreds of millions of dollars in the hottest years.
04、Techmeme：Technology news hits the spot.
2005In 2003, Gabe Rivera (Gabe Rivera) was an engineer in Intel. He modeled on the news aggregation mode of Google News and launched a website called Tech.memeorandum.
A year later, he renamed the website Techmeme, which means gathering all the information in the technology industry.
Technimeme isn’t strictly a “solo” site, because Rivera has hired editors to review and edit aggregated news from algorithms since 2008. Today, the website has hired 25 editors.
▲Gabe Rivera (Gabe Rivera)
After 13 years online, Techmeme is still a very simple website. It presents the most important pieces of science and technology news of the day on the home page in headlines and links, a headline, a plain text summary, and then supplements other news sites’coverage of the same news to facilitate differencesReaders who read preferences (this is quite similar to Google News).
Of course, if you’d prefer to read the news in chronological order, Techmeme also has a pure time flow “river”:
In addition to presenting news headlines and links, Techmeme also has a list of media and journalists who have been included more by Techmeme over a period of time, leaving the journalist’s Twitter username so that readers can track news directly on the social network.
TechmemeKnown as Silicon Valley daily practitioners must see the website.